Correct Answer - Option 1 : James Lange Theory
Emotion is often defined as a complex state of feeling that results in physical and psychological changes that influence thought and behavior.
- The major theories of emotion can be grouped into three main categories: physiological, neurological, and cognitive.
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Physiological theories (responses within the body are responsible for emotions), Neurological theories (activity within the brain leads to emotional responses), and Cognitive theories (thoughts and other mental activity play an essential role in forming emotions).
| The James-Lange Theory of Emotion |
- The James-Lange theory is one of the best-known examples of a physiological theory of emotion.
- Independently proposed by psychologist William James and physiologist Carl Lange, the James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that emotions occur as a result of physiological reactions to events which are categorized as our emotional behavior.
- This theory suggests that seeing an external stimulus leads to a physiological reaction.
- Your emotional reaction is dependent upon how you interpret those physical reactions.
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For example, if you are afraid. According to this theory of emotion, you are not trembling because you are frightened. Instead, you feel frightened because you are trembling.
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| Hypothalamic Theory |
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A theory on emotion was formulated by Walter Cannon in 1929.
- It states that the diencephalon, consisting of the hypothalamus and thalamus, serves as the center of emotional expression whereas the cerebral cortex is the center of emotional experience.
- According to this, we feel emotions and experience physiological reactions such as sweating, trembling, and muscle tension simultaneously.
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| Activation Theory |
- It is also known as the two-factor theory of emotion, the Schachter-Singer theory.
- It is an example of a cognitive theory of emotion.
- This theory suggests that physiological arousal occurs first, and then the individual must identify the reason for this arousal to experience and label it as an emotion.
- For example, if an individual is sweating they might associate that with anxiety or tiredness, depending on the situation.
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| Motivational Theory |
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Motivation theory is the study of understanding what drives a person to work towards a particular goal or outcome.
- It's relevant to all of society but is especially important to education. That's because a motivated student is more productive, and a more productive student is more productive.
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Hence, it is clear that the fact "emotional experience depends upon emotional behavior", was given by James Lange Theory.
