Functions of enzymes:
Where it is made? |
Where does it work? |
Enzyme |
Substrate |
Products |
Salivary glands |
Mouth |
Amylase |
Starch |
Amino acids |
Stomach cells |
Stomach |
Protease |
Protein |
Amino acids |
Liver |
Small intestine |
Bile salts |
Fat |
Fat droplets |
Pancreas |
Small intestine |
Amylase, Protease Lipase |
Starch Protein Fat |
Maltose amino acids glycerol and fatty acids |
Small intestine |
Small intestine |
Maltase Protein |
Maltase Protein |
Glucose amino acids |
IUB (International Union of Biochemistry) in 1965 classified enzymes into six groups:
Classification of Enzymes:
S.No. |
Group of enzyme |
Reaction catalysed |
Examples |
1. |
Oxidoreductases |
Transfer of hydrogen and oxygen atoms or electrons from one substrate to another. |
Dehydrogenases |
2. |
Transferases |
Transfer of a specific group (a phosphate or methyl etc.) from one substrate to another. |
Transaminase Kinases |
3. |
Hydrolases |
Hydrolysis of a substrate. |
Esterases Digestive enzymes |
4. |
Isomerases |
Change of the molecular form of the substrate. |
Phosphohexose isomerase, Fumarase |
5. |
Lyases |
Nonhydrolytic removal of a group or addition of a group to a substrate. |
Decarboxylases Aldolases |
6. |
Ligases(Synthetases) |
Joining of two molecules by the formation of new bonds. |
Citric acid synthetase |