Question

The electron dot structure (Lewis structure) of ammonia molecule is shown below:

1. Write the number of bond pairs of electrons and lone pairs of electrons in ammonia molecule. 

2. The structures of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol are shown in the figure. The former is a steam volatile liquid whereas the latter is a solid. Justify your answer giving reason.

Answer 1

1. Ammonia molecule contains one lone pair of electrons and 3 bond pair of electrons, 

2. In o-nitrophenol, there is intramolecular hydrogen bonding and there is no molecular association. But in p-nitro phenol intermolecular hydrogen bonding is present and hence molecular association is possible.