Migration of Population across the Borders: In 1947, after partition of India, large number of population was forced to migrate across the borders. This migration of population was tragic and unorganised. People started killing each other in the name of religion. The regions where Hindus and Sikhs were dominant, Muslims stopped going there and same way where Muslims were dominant, Hindus and Sikhs stopped going there. They were made aliens in their own land and police and local administration treated them unkindly. Partition was just not division of assets and liabilities but division of communities, who lived as neighbours and were made victim of violence by each other.
Refugee Rehabilitation: The partition of India into two nations led to the serious problem of rehabilitation of refugees. In 1947, daily, thousands of refugees migrated to New Delhi through rail. They left their ancestral homes back in Pakistan in the wake of communal violence. The violence against Hindus in Pakistan provoked violence against Muslims in India. Refugees had left their property and home in Pakistan hence, there was serious need to resettle them. After independence, nation was battling with backwardness, due to which it was facing difficulties in rehabilitation of the middle class and educated class. Perhaps, the political leadership never in their wildest imagination thought that migration of population would become such a serious issue. The State provided them major assistance in rehabilitation, which included mainly Punjabi educated class. In the western part of the border, refugee camps were established for labours. It was the problem of refugee rehabilitation on the both sides of the border which eclipsed the joy of independence.
Communal Riots: During the partition, cities like Lahore, Amritsar, Kolkata transformed into wrestling arenas. Hindus stopped going in Muslim dominated areas and Muslim stopped going in areas dominated by Hindus. Minorities were forced to leave their homes to save their lives. Communal riots inflicted deep injuries on the lives of people.
