Magnetic property of substance:
i. Every substance has some magnetic properties associated with it. The origin of these properties depends on the electrons.
ii. Each electron in an atom behaves like a tiny magnet. Its magnetic moment originates from the following two types of motions:
a. Its orbital motion around the nucleus.
b. Its spin motion around its own axis.
iii. Electron being a charged particle and undergoing these motions can be considered as a small loop of current which possesses a magnetic moment.
iv. Thus, each electron has a permanent spin and an orbital magnetic moment associated with it.
v. On the basis of their magnetic properties, substances are classified into three categories:
a. Paramagnetic
b. Diamagnetic
c. Ferromagnetic
