Xerarch Succession in Nature:
• Lichens are the pioneer species on a bare area.
• The lichen secretes some acids to dissolve rock and help in weathering and soil formation.
• Later, some small bryophytes invade and hold the small amount of soil.
• The bryophytes are succeeded by herbs, shrubs and ultimately big trees.
• At last, a stable climax forest is formed.
• The xerophytic habitat gets converted into a mesophytic one.
