To spread awareness about them, fundamental duties were inserted in the Part IV Article 51(A) of the Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976.
The fundamental duties include :
1. To abide by the Constitution and respect the National Flag and National Anthem.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideas which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3. To respect and protect the sovereignty, integrity and unity of India.
4. To defend and serve the country.
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India and to abolish evils hampering women’s dignity.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, rivers, trees, lakes and to show kindness towards animals.
8. To develop scientific temper and spirit of inquiry.
9. To protect public property and prevent violence.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
11. A parent or guardian should provide opportunities for education to his child, between the age of 6 to 14 years. (This has been added by 86th Constitutional Amendment)
