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Summarise the impact of Bhakti movement with regard to:

(a) Equality of all human beings.

(b) Fostering unity and harmony between different communities.

(c) Promoting regional languages and devotional literature.

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(a) All are equal before God. Dignity of man depends on his actions. Universal brotherhood was the aim of Bhakti movement. 

(b) All Hindus and Muslims devoted Sufi saints. People respected and followed the teachings of Sufi saints like, Kabir, Rahim etc. and worshiped the works of Tulsidas and Surdas. The songs of Mirabai were cherished by Hindus and Muslims too. Akbar also went to hear the devotional songs of Mirabai. 

(c) The Bhakti saints preached in the language of the people.Languages such as Hindi, Bhojpuri, Maithili and Oriya became popular. Among important literary works of this period were Ramcharit Manas by Tulsidas, Gurmukhi literature of the Sikh Gurus and the Vaishnava literature in Bengal. The teachings of Kabir, Guru Nanak, Ravidas helped reform Indian society. They tried to evolve a new social order by following the principle of equality and by denouncing caste distinctions. By exposing the futility of empty rituals, they did away with the domination of priests. Thus, the Bhakti movement brought in social changes.

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