Question

Explain the following :

(1) Alkyl halide or haloalkanes 

(2) Allylic halides 

(3) Benzylic halide 

(4) Vinylic halide 

(5) Haloalkyne 

(6) Aryl halide or haloarenes.

Answer 1

(1) Alkyl halide or haloalkanes : In alkyl halides or haloalkanes the halogen atom is bonded to sp³ hybridized carbon which is a part of saturated carbon chain.

Example :

(2) Allylic halides : In allylic halides, halogen atom is bonded to a sp³ hybridized carbon atom next to a carbon-carbon double bond.

Example :

(3) Benzylic halide : In benzylic halides, halogen atom is bonded to a sp³ hybridized carbon atom which is further bonded to an aromatic ring.

Example :

(4) Vinylic halides : In vinylic halides, halogen atom is bonded to a sp² hybridized carbon atom of aliphatic chain. Vinylic halide is a haloalkene.

Example : CH₂ = CH - Br

                   Vinyl bromide

(5) Haloalkyne : In haloalkynes, halogen atom is bonded to a sp hybridized carbon atom.

Example : CH ≡ C - Cl

                Chloro acetylene

(6) Aryl halides or haloarenes : In aryl halides, halogen atom is directly bonded to the sp² hybridized carbon atom of aromatic ring.

Example :