(a) Fever: Fever is the most common symptom of an infection in the human body. The body temperature rises above the normal i.e., 37°C (98.6°F). Fever might be associated with pain in the body, headache and tiredness. Rest, light diet, fluids and medicines help in reducing fever.
(b) Allergy: Allergy is an excessive sensitivity of the human body to some substances which are otherwise harmless. The allergens include dust, pollen grains, spores, furs, etc. Asthma and hay fever are examples of allergies. Rashes, itching, wheezing and sneezing are common symptoms of allergy.
(c) First-aid in case of cuts: Cut area should be cleaned and washed with warm water. Foreign matter, if any, should be removed. Wound area be raised above the heart level and bandage to be put after the blood flow stops.
First-aid in case of burns: Hold the burnt area under cold running water in first and second degree burns for 15 minutes. Wash with soap and leave uncovered. Give the tetanus injection. In case of third-degree bums, cover the burnt with dry, sterile dressing and contact the emergency medical services.
First-aid in case of bites: Hold the bite area under cool running water for 15 minutes. Wash with soap and water. Rinse again. Dry the area, elevate the bite area above the heart level for 8 hours and give a tetanus injection. In case of a snake bite, run water over the bite, rub powdered potassium permanganate and put a piece of cloth tightly around the area to prevent the poison from reaching heart and other body parts.
First-aid in case of stings: Remove the sting with tweezers. Wash the area with soap and cold water, apply oil or vaseline, cover with sterile gauze. If swelling, apply ice. Keep the stung area above the heart.
