Importance of Chemistry : In agriculture end products and as follow :
1. AGRICULTURE
(a) Fertilizers – A substance to improve fertility and supply of nutrients to plant and is essential for growth
Example :
1. Ammonium nitrate – widely used as a fertilizer.
2. Urea – an important source of nitrogen [non-explosive ‘ and solid in nature]
3. Phosphatic fertilizer – super phosphates. About 90% of fertilizers are in the solid form. Liquid fertilizers comprise – aqueous solutions of ammonia or ammonium nitrate.
(b) Pesticides
1. Chemicals added to the soil, to kill pests. They include – Herbicides; insecticides; termiticides etc.
2. Pesticides protect the plants from – weeds, fungi and insects.
3. About 30% of crops are destroyed by agricultural pests.
(a) Herbicides – Rill or inhibit growth of – unwanted plants.
(b) Insecticides – Destroy insects, which harm or destroy plants. Pesticides may come in contact with other living organisms and disrupt the balance of the eco-system.
2. PRODUCTS
Knowledge of Chemistry has initiated production of – different products
1. Food – Refined oils, butter, cheese, etc. are obtained through chemical reactions.
2. Construction– Mortar, cement, glass, etc. are various chemical compounds.
3. Clothing – Natural fabrics such as silk are made through chemical reactions.
4. Household – Cooking gas which is liquefied petroleum gas or LPG, food preservatives, specific utensils and electronic items, all involve use of Chemistry.
5. Daily usage – Paints, dyes, perfumes, paper, ink etc. involve chemical reactions.
6. Industrial – Metals & alloys [mixture of metals] which find application in innumerable machines and metallic structures like automobiles, involve Chemistry.
7. Petrolium – Petrol, kerosene & diesel oil are products – obtained from petroleum
