Question

Nitration of aniline is achieved by
A. direct nitration with nitrating mixture under reflux
B. using fuming `HNO_(3)`
C. acetylation followed by nitration and subsequent hydrolysis
D. `KNO_(3)` and conc `HNO_(3)`

Answer 1

Correct Answer - D
Direct nitration of aniline should be avoided as it yields tarry oxidation products in addition to the nitro derivatives However we can control the nitration reaction by protecting the `-NH_(2)` group by acetylation reaction with acetic anhydride
.