Question

निम्नलिखित परिवर्तन आप कैसे करेंगे ?
(i) Propene to propan-1-ol
(ii) Ethanol to but-1-yne
(iii) 1-bromopropane to 2-bromopropane
(iv) Toluene to benzyl alcohol
(v) Benzene to 4-bromonitrobenzene
(vi) Benzyl alcohol to 2-phenylethanoic acid
(vii) Ethanol to propanenitrile
(viii) Aniline to chlorobenzene
(ix) 2-chlorobutane to 3, 4-dimethylhexane
(x) 2-methyl-1-propene to 2-chloro-2-methyl-propane
(xi) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid
(xii) But-1-ene to n-butyliodie
(xiii) 2-chloropropane to propan-1-ol
(xiv) Isopropyl alcohol to iodoform
(xv) Chlorobenzene to p-nitrophenol
(xvi) 2-bromopropane to 1-brompropane
(xvii) Chloroethane to butane
(xviii) Benzene to diphenyl
(xix) tert-butyl bromide to isobutyl bromide
(xx) Aniline to phenylisocyanide

Answer 1

(i) `underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH=CH_(2))underset(("Anti Markownikoff addition"))overset("HBr/Peroxide")(rarr) underset("1-bromopropane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)Br) underset(Delta)overset(KOH(aq))(rarr) underset("Propan-1-ol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)OH)`
(ii) (a) `underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)OH)underset(Delta)overset(P+I_(2))(rarr)underset("Iodoethane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)I) underset(Delta)overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr)CH_(2)=CH_(2) underset("CCl"_(4))overset(Br_(2))(rarr) underset("1, 2-dibromoethane")(overset(Br)overset(|)(CH_(2))-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH_(2))) overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr) underset("Acetylene")(HC -= CH) overset(NaNH_(2)//Liq.NH_(3))(rarr) underset("Sod. acetylide")(HC -= bar(C)Na^(+))`
(b) `CH_(3)CH_(2)OH overset(P+I_(2))(rarr) CH_(3) CH_(2) I`
(c) `HC -= bar(C)Na^(+) + CH_(3)CH_(2)I rarr underset("But-1-yne")(HC -= C-CH_(2)-CH_(3))`
(iii) `underset("1-bromopropane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)Br)underset(Delta)overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr) underset("Propene")(CH_(3)CH = CH_(2))overset(HBr)(rarr) underset("2-bromopropane")(CH_(3)-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(3))`

(vii) `underset("Ethanol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)OH) overset(P+I_(2))(rarr) CH_(3)CH_(2)I underset(C_(2)H_(5)OH)overset(KCN)(rarr) underset("Propanenitrile")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CN)`

(ix) `underset("2-chlorobutane")(2CH_(3)-overset(Cl)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)CH_(3) + 2Na underset(("Wurtz reaction -2NaCl"))overset("Dry ether")(rarr) underset("3, 4-dimethylhexane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)CH_(3)))`
(x) `underset("2-methylprop-1-ene")(CH_(3)-overset(CH_(3))overset(|)(C)=CH_(2))overset(HCl)(rarr) underset("2-chloro-2-methylpropane")(CH_(3)-underset(Cl)underset(|)overset(CH_(3))overset(|)(C)-CH_(3))`
(xi) `underset("Ethyl chloride")(CH_(3)CH_(2)Cl) underset(C_(2)H_(5)OH)overset(KCN)(rarr) underset("Propanenitrile")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CN) overset(H^(+)//H_(2)O)(rarr) underset("Propanoic acid")(CH_(3)CH_(2)COOH)`
(xii) `underset("But-1-ene")(CH_(2)=CH-CH_(2)-CH_(3))underset(("Anti Markownikoff addition"))overset("HBr/Peroxide")(rarr) underset("1-bromobutane")(Br.CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))underset(("Finkelstein reaction"))overset("NaI/Acetone")(rarr) underset("n-butyliodide")(I.CH_(2)CH_(2)CH_(3))`
(xiii) `underset("2-chloropropane")(CH_(3)-overset(Cl)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(3))underset(Delta)overset("KOH (alc.)")(rarr) underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH=CH_(2))underset(underset(("Anti Markownikoff addition"))("Peroxide"))overset(HBr)(rarr) underset("1-bromopropane")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)Br) undrset(Delta)overset("KOH (alc.)")(rarr) underset("Propan-1-ol")(CH_(3)CH_(2)CH_(2)OH)`
(xiv) `underset("Isopropyl alcohol")(CH_(3)-overset(OH)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(3)) underset(("Iodoform reaction"))overset(I_(2)//NaOH)(rarr) underset("Iodoform")(CHI_(3))`

(xvi) `underset("2-bromopropane")(CH_(3)-overset(Br)overset(|)(CH)-CH_(3))undrset(Delta)overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr) underset("Propene")(CH_(3)-CH=CH_(2))underset("(Anti Markownikoff addition)")overset("HBr/Peroxide")(rarr) underset("1-bromopropane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)Br)`
(xvii) `underset("Chloroethane")(2CH_(3)CH_(2)Cl) + 2Na underset(underset(-2NaCl)underset(("Wurtz reaction"))Delta)overset("Dry ether")(rarr) underset("Butane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))`
(xix) `underset("t-butyl bromide")(CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)overset(Br)overset(|)(C)-CH_(3)) underset(Delta)overset(KOH (alc.))(rarr) underset("2-methylprop-1-ene")(CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(C)=CH_(2)) underset(("Anti Markownikoff addition"))overset("HBr/Peroxide")(rarr) underset("Isobutyl bromide")(CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)Br)`