(1) A polypeptide chain is formed at the time of translation during the process of protein synthesis. It is formed during the elongation process at the time of translation. This process starts after the initiation takes place. During initiation, m-RNA molecule is bound to ribosomal subunits.
(2) Each t-RNA complex brings a specific amino acid. The anticodons and codons are complementary to each other as the appropirate amino acids are placed in their proper position.
(3) When appropriate amino acids are brought to the site of ribosomal subunits, there is the formation of peptide linkages between the successive amino acid molecules. The etire activity is cataylzed by an enzyme, peptidly transferase. It aslo requires energy which is supplied by ATP and GTP molecules.
(4) For the elongation, elongation factors are needed.
(5) The movement of m-RNA is one codon ahead each time and therefore one amino acid is added in the polypeptide chain causing systematic elongation.
(6) The ribosomers move along the m-RNA in step-wise manner from start to stop codon in 5-3. direction during translocation. This causes polypeptide chain to grow.
