| Folding |
Faulting |
| (i) Folds are bends in the rocks that are due to compressional forces. |
(i) Faults are formed due to tensional forces along which displacement of rock takes place. |
| (ii) Folding occurs when compressional forces are applied to rocks that are ductile or flexible. |
(ii) Faults occurs when force operating in opposite direction lead to tension and as a result rocks develops cracks on fissure. |
| (iii) Rocks that lie deep within the crust and are therefore under high pressure are generally ductile and particularly susceptible to folding without breaking. |
(iii) Rock layers that are near the earth’s surface and not under high confining pressures are too rigid to bend into folds, but if tectonic forces are large, rocks break. |
| (iv) Folding leads to development of fold mountain. For e.g., the Himalayas, the Alps, etc. |
(iv) Faulting results in the formation of block mountains like black forest mountain etc., and right valleys like the Narmada, Tapi, etc. |
