1. (a) The Arabian Sea experiences higher rate of evaporation due to low air humidity, high temperature and lower rainfall.
(b). The number of rivers adding fresh water to the Arabian Sea are fewer in number as compared to the number of long rivers that add fresh water into the Bay of Bengal.
(c) Due to huge discharge from Ganga system and also from long rivers of peninsular India like Krishna. Mahanadi. Cauvery (Kaveri), etc., salinity is low.
This leads to higher salinity in the Arabian Sea as compared to the salinity of the Bay of Bengal.
2. The minimum salinity in the Bay of Bengal is 30 PSU (Practical Salinity Unit). This occurs in the late autumn and early winter months (November to January) when the East India Coastal Current flows southwards carrying low salinity water.
3. (a). The Arabian Sea experiences higher rate of evaporation due to low air humidity, high temperature and lower rainfall.
(b). The number of rivers adding fresh water to the Arabian Sea are fewer in number as compared to the number of long rivers that add fresh water into the Bay of Bengal.
(c). The rivers joining the Arabian Sea are short and swift so their volume of water is less. As a result, supply of fresh water is less.
This leads to higher salinity in the Arabian Sea as compared to the salinity of the Bay of Bengal.