Types of Cognitive Disabilities
(a) Dyslexia
(b) ADHD
(c) Brain Injury
(d) Genetic disability
(a) Dyslexia: It is the most common form of language-based learning disability. It is primary a reading disability and is inherited. Problems may include difficulty is spelling words. writing words, pronouncing words when reading aloud.
(b) ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is medical condition affecting a persons ability to focus, sit still, and pay attention. They may have difficulty in focusing on tasks or subjects, or act impulsively. ADHD begins in childhood, but may not be diagnosed untill the person reaches adolescence or even adulthood.
Typical symptoms are
(i) forget things
(ii) Jumping from one activity to another
(iii) May lose things
(iv) Difficulty paying attention. Difficulty with following instruction.
(c) Brain Injury: Traumatic brain injury, brain tumor. meningitis. Each brain injury is unique. There is no reliable way to predict how an individual brain will be affected by a particular injury. The extent of the injury to the persons brain determines the outcome of the person's ability to process information.
(d) Genetic disability: Genetic disability such as Down Syndrome, Autism and Dementia, affect people individually, for example-persons with Down Syndrome way function at a high enough level to live independently, while others with syndrome need consistent assistance with activities of daily living. Greater the cognitive disability more is the person dependent.
