Question

Define:

i. Effective nuclear charge (Z_eff)

ii. Screening effect (or shielding effect)

Answer 1

i. Effective nuclear charge (Z_eff): In multielectron atom, the net nuclear charge actually experienced by an electron is called the effective nuclear charge (Z_eff).

ii. Screening effect (or shielding effect): In multi-electron atom, the effect of the inner electrons on the outer electrons is called screening effect or shielding effect of the inner/core electrons.