Question

Give examples of functional groups which can appear only as prefix?

Answer 1

Functional groups which can appear only as prefix are as follows: 

i. Nitro group (-NO₂)

ii. Halides (-X): Represented by prefix “halo” (like fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo). 

iii. Alkoxy group (-OR): Groups like methoxy (- OCH₃), ethoxy (-OC₂ H₅), etc.

Note: Functional groups appearing as prefix and suffix

Functional Group	Prefix	Suffix
-COOH	Carboxy	– oic acid
-COOR	alkoxycarbonyl	– oate
-COCl	Chlorocarbonyl	– oyl chloride
-CONH2	Carbamoyl	– amide
-CN	Cyano	– nitrile
-CHO	Formyl	– al
-CO-	Oxo	– one
-OH	Hydroxy	– ol
-NH2	Amino	– amine