x = 4cos θ – 5 sin θ … (i)
y = 4sin θ + 5cos θ .. .(ii)
Squaring (i) and (ii) and adding, we get
x2 + y2 = (4cos θ – 5sin θ)2 + (4sin θ + 5cos θ)2
= 16cos2 θ – 40 sinθ cosθ + 25 sin2 θ + 16 sin2 θ + 40sin θ cos θ + 25 cos2 θ
= 16(sin2 θ + cos2 θ) + 25(sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
= 16(1) + 25(1)
= 41