(a) Looking at the side view and then transferring back to the top view, we see that in the top view the magnetic field is basically pointing into the page. The component of the magnetic field we are concerned with actually does point directly into the page. Now using the LHR rule for the electrons they get pushed down, which is towards east.
(b) The emf is induced and given by ε = Blv ⊥. The perpendicular B is B sin θ as can be seen in the side view ε = B sin θ Lv = (6 x 10–5)(sin 55)(15)(75) = .055 V
(c) To induce a current, the flux needs to change. The earth magnetic field strength cannot be changed, but the ⊥ component of that B field in the enclosed area can be altered which will change the flux and induce current flow. In order to do this, the plane could rise up, or down, or to sustain a current the plane could follow a wavelike pattern.
Or the plane could rock its wings back and forth. However, simply turning left or right would not work.
Direction: Let’s say the plane rises up, this will increase the ⊥ component of the B field in the loop so current will flow to reduce this increased downward field in the loop. Current flows CCW to create and upwards field to cancel out the increased downwards B field based on Lenz Law.
