Correct Answer - Option 1 : Set-associative-mapping technique
All needed data is transferred from the primary memory to the cache memory area, so it is known as "cache memory mapping"
cache memory mapping type- direct mapping, associative mapping, set-associative mapping
Direct mapping:-Direct mapping is the very simplest technique because in which every block of primary memory is mapped into the single possible cache line. In Direct mapping, every memory block is allotted for a particular line in the cache memory. sometimes a memory block is engaged with a recent cache line then a fresh block is required for loading, and a previous block is deleted. The address space is divided into two segments like index field and tag field, and a tag field is saved into the cache memory.
Associative mapping is very flexible because in which all content and addresses of memory words are saved into associative memory. each block is capable to enter the cache's line. so, it can be identified that word is necessary with help of word bits in the block, and due to this get possible to swap any word on any in the cache memory so we can consider that associative mapping is the fastest and greatly flexible.
Set-Associative mapping is the combination of direct and associative cache mapping techniques. Set-Associative mapping help to remove all issues of the direct mapping technique. Set-Associative helps to address all issues of possible thrashing in the direct mapping technique. It maps all blocks with cache then some lines work together, and generates a set. Set-associative mapping permits all words which are presented in the cache for the same index address of multiple words in the memory. Set associative caches generally have lower miss rates than direct-mapped caches of the same capacity because they have fewer conflicts. However, set-associative caches are usually slower and somewhat more expensive to build because of the output multiplexer and additional comparators.
