Question

For which of the following diseases has U.S. FDA approved the first vaccine Dengvaxia in 2019?
1. Dengue
2. Cholera
3. Swine flu
4. Chikungunya

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Dengue

​The correct answer is Dengue.

• U.S. FDA approved Dengvaxia as the first vaccine for Dengue disease in 2019. .
  • In May 2019, Dengvaxia was approved in the United States as the first vaccine approved for the prevention of dengue disease caused by all dengue virus serotypes.
  • The vaccine was determined to be approximately 76 per cent effective in preventing symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed dengue disease in individuals 9 through 16 years of age who previously had laboratory-confirmed dengue disease.

• Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection, found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas.
  • The virus responsible for causing dengue is called dengue virus (DENV). There are four DENV serotypes, meaning that it is possible to be infected four times.
  • Symptoms of Dengue: Bleeding; Pain behind the eyes.
  • Severe dengue was first recognized in the 1950s during dengue epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand.

 

Disease Name	Details
Cholera	Cholera is an acute, diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with the toxigenic bacterium Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 or O139. An estimated 2.9 million cases and 95,000 deaths occur each year around the world. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can be severe.
Swine flu	Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.
Chikungunya	A viral infection is transmitted by mosquitoes. Chikungunya is found worldwide, particularly in Africa, Asia, and India. Symptoms usually appear within a week of infection. Fever and joint pain come on suddenly. Muscle pain, headache, fatigue, and rash may also occur. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms. Most people feel better within a week or so after the virus runs its course.