Correct Answer - Option 3 : Kinetic energy of molecules of gas is zero
Explanation:
Kinetic theory explains the behavior of gases based on the idea that the gas consists of rapidly moving atoms or molecules. This is possible as the inter-atomic forces, which are short-range forces that are important for solids and liquids, can be neglected for gases.
The following are the basic assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:
- The volume occupied by the individual particles of a gas is negligible compared to the volume of the gas itself.
- The particles of an ideal gas exert no attractive forces on each other or on their surroundings.
- Gas particles are in a constant state of random motion and move in straight lines until they collide with another body.
- The collisions exhibited by gas particles are completely elastic; when two molecules collide, total kinetic energy is conserved.
- The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly proportional to absolute temperature only; this implies that all molecular motion ceases if the temperature is reduced to absolute zero.
