Correct Answer - Option 2 : increase the occurrence of particular behaviour
Every action and behavior of an individual has some element of learning involved. Behavior is something that can be publicly viewed, but there is also an unobservable, inner cognitive behavior that will influence the individual.
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Reinforcement as a term refers to the psychological process of motivating a person. Reinforcement is something that enhances the strength of the response and prompts repetitions of the behavior that preceded reinforcement.
- Reinforcement, punishment, and extinction play a key role in the learning process. Reinforcement is used to enhance desirable behavior while punishment and extinction are employed to minimize undesirable behavior.
- Reinforcement is the attempt to develop or strengthen desirable behavior. There are two types of reinforcement – positive and negative reinforcement.
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Positive reinforcement strengthens and enhances behavior by the presence of positive reinforcers
Negative reinforcement: An unpleasant event that precedes a behavior is removed when the desired behavior occurs.
- Negative reinforcers are the stimuli that strengthen responses that permit an organism to avoid or escape from its presence.
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Negative reinforcement strengthens and increases behavior by the threat of and use of undesirable consequences.
- Negative reinforcement is sometimes confused with punishment because both use unpleasant stimuli to influence behavior.
Thus, it is concluded that The removal or withdrawal of a negative reinforcer increases the occurrence of a particular behavior.
