Question

Who discovered the 'Hormone Insulin' used to treat diabetes?
1. Frederick Banting
2. John Macleod
3. Charles Best
4. Christiaan Barnard

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Frederick Banting

The Correct Answer is Frederick Banting.

• Frederick Grant Banting was born on November 14, 1891, at Alliston, Ont., Canada. 
• He was the youngest of five children of William Thompson Banting and Margaret Grant. 
• Educated at the Public and High Schools at Alliston, he later went to the University of Toronto to study divinity, but soon transferred to the study of medicine.
• John James Rickard Macleod was a Scottish biochemist and physiologist. He devoted his career to diverse topics in physiology and biochemistry, but was chiefly interested in carbohydrate metabolism.
• Charles Herbert Best was an American-Canadian medical scientist and one of the co-discoverers of Insulin.
• Christiaan Neethling Barnard was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant operation.

• Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of pancreatic islets, which is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body. It regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins by promoting the absorption of glucose in the blood into liver, fat and skeletal muscle cells.
• The human insulin protein is composed of 51 amino acids, and has a molecular mass of 5808 Da. It is a heterodimer of an A-chain and a B-chain, which are linked together by disulfide bonds.