Question

In which method are the mathematical problems solved using pre-established rules?
1. Deductive
2. Inductive
3. Analysis
4. Synthesis

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Deductive

Mathematics is the study of numbers, shape, quantity, and patterns. The nature of mathematics is logical and it relies on logic and connects learning with learners' day-to-day life.

• Teaching methods of mathematics include problem-solving, lecture, inductive, deductive, analytic, synthetic, heuristic and discovery method. Teacher adopts any method according to the needs and interests of students.

Deductive Method: The deductive method is based on deduction. At first, the rules are given and then students are asked to apply those pre-established rules to solve more problems.

• It begins with general premises and through logical argument, comes to a specific conclusion.
• For example, while teaching mathematics, the teacher introduces a theory and explains the rules of the theory and the formula, and the students are asked to solve problems using the given formula.

• Deductive approach proceeds from-

  • General to specific
  • Unknown to know
  • Complex to simple
  • Formula to example

Hence, it could be concluded that mathematical problems solved using pre-established rules in deductive method of teaching Mathematics.

Inductive Method: Inductive approach is based on the process of induction. It is a method of constructing a formula with the help of a sufficient number of concrete examples. 

• Induction means to provide a universal truth by showing, that if it is true for a particular case.
• Inductive approach proceeds from-
  • Particular to general
  • Known to unknown
  • Simple to complex
  • Formula to example

Example: Square of an odd number is odd and the square of an even number is even.

Analytic Method:

• It is a generic process combining the power of the Scientific Method with the use of a formal process to solve any type of problem.
• Analysis means breaking up into components. All scientifically based problem-solving approaches use the analytical method.

Synthetic Method: 

• The word “synthetic’ is derived from the word ‘synthesis which means to combine. 
• In this method, we combine several facts, perform cer­tain mathematical operations, and arrive at the solution.