Question

The families who cleared jungles and prepare lands for plough were known as
1. Bhumihars
2. Chalo Pachcho
3. Baiga
4. Pujar 

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Bhumihars

The correct answer is Bhumihars.

• The families who cleared jungles and prepare lands for plow were known as Bhumihars.
• Bhumihars are a Hindu caste majorly found in Bihar (Including the Mithila region), the Purvanchal region of Uttar Pradesh, and Jharkhand.
• The Bhumihars claim to have Brahmin status and are also referred to as Bhumihar Brahmin.
• In Bihar, they are also called Babhan and they have also been called Bhuinhar.
• In popular narratives about their origin is that they belonged to a low caste tribe called "Bhuyans" who gained land and perverted themselves as Brahmins when faced unequal treatment at the hands of sacerdotal authorities.

• The Bhumihars played a major role in organizing peasant, leftist, and independence movements since the 1910s. 
• In 1914 and 1916, the Bhumihars of Pipra and Turkaulia fought against indigo cultivation.
• When Mahatma Gandhi initiated a satyagraha against indigo cultivation in Motihari in 1917, a number of Bhumihar intellectuals joined the protest.
• These included famous personalities such as Shri Krishna Singh (or Sinha), Ram Dayalu Singh, Ramnandan Mishra, Shilbhadra Yaji, Karyanand Sharma, and Sahajanand Saraswati.