Question

Dyarchy was introduced in the provinces of India in accordance with the provisions of the:
1. Indian Councils Act of 1892
2. Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919
3. Minto- Morley Reforms of 1909
4. Government of India Act of 1935

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919

The correct answer is Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919.

• Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 is also called as Government of India Act 1919.
• Montague was the secretary of state for India and Chelmsford was the viceroy of India during the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms 1919.
• Montague-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 introduced dyarchy in provinces by dividing the provincial subjects into transferred and reserved.
  • It also introduced bicameralism and direct election for the first time in India.
  • It provided the right to vote for women in India.
  • It provided for the establishment of a public service commission which was set up in 1926.
  • It extended the principle of communal representation by providing a separate electorate for Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo Indians, and Europeans.

• Indian Councils Act of 1892 increases the number of additional members in the central and provincial legislative councils.
  • It increased the functions of legislative councils and gave them the power of discussing the budget and addressing questions to the executive.
• Minto- Morley Reforms of 1909 is also called as Indian council Act 1909.
  • Morley was the secretary of state for India and Minto was the viceroy of India during the Minto- Morley Reforms of 1909.
  • It provided for the association of Indians with the executive councils of viceroy and governors for the first time.
• The Government of India Act of 1935 is also called the blueprint of the Indian constitution.
  • The act abolished dyarchy in the provinces and introduced provincial autonomy in its place.
  • The act introduced dyarchy at the center.
  • The act laid the foundation of democracy in India.