Correct Answer - Option 4 : All of the above
The correct answer is All of the above.
Temperature is an important climatic element having far-reaching global influences.
- The distribution of temperature across the globe is uneven as it is influenced by the interaction of incoming solar radiation (insolation) with various factors of the earth’s surface and the atmosphere.
The factors influencing the temperature on earth are as below:
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The Latitude:
- The temperature of a place is determined by the insolation received.
- The insolation differs according to the latitude, therefore, the temperature also differs consequently.
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The Altitude:
- The atmosphere is indirectly heated by terrestrial radiation.
- Therefore, the places adjacent to the sea level record higher temperatures than the places located at higher elevations.
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Ocean currents and Air mass:
- The places situated on the coast where the warm ocean currents flow record higher temperatures than the places situated on the coast where the cold currents flow.
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Distance from the sea:
- The main factor that influences the temperature is the position of a place with respect to the sea.
- The sea gets heated slowly and loses heat slowly compared to land.
- Land heats up and cools down rapidly.
- So, the places located near the sea come under the moderating influence of the sea and land breezes which regulate the temperature.
Hence, it is clear that the variation of temperature is controlled by the latitude, altitude, and ocean currents.
