Question

Biodiversity hotspots in India are the-

i) Eastern ghats

ii) Western ghats

iii) Eastern Himalayas

iv) Western India

1. i and ii
2. ii and iii
3. i, iii and iv
4. ii, iii and iv

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 2 : ii and iii

The correct answer is ii and iii.

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• Biodiversity hotspots in India are the-
  • Sundaland
  • Western ghats
  • Eastern Himalayas
  • Indo-Burma

• Biodiversity hotspot
  • A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation.
  • Norman Myers an environmentalist coined the term.
  • To qualify as a biodiversity hotspot a region must meet two strict criteria:
    • It must contain at least 0.5% or 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics, and
    • It has to have lost at least 75% of its primary vegetation.
• Around the world, 36 areas qualify under this definition.
• Biodiversity hotspots cover 2.4% of the planet's surface.

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• Biodiversity in India:
  • ​India is famous for its rich flora and fauna.
  • India provides shelter to over 500 species of mammals, more than 200 species of birds, and 30,000 different species of insects.
  • The country has 101 National Parks, 333 Wildlife Sanctuaries, and 35 Zoological Gardens.
  • The Zoological Survey of India is responsible for surveying the faunal resources of India.