Correct Answer - Option 4 : Intelligence is a multi-dimensional concept.
Intelligence is a capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use available resources effectively when faced with challenges.
Multidimensional' means intelligence consisting of different aspects derived from experiential, environmental and genetic influences. Intelligence is conceived in terms of multiple abilities.
Howard Gardner, an American Psychologist, proposed the theory of multiple intelligences.
- There are multiple intelligences with autonomous intelligence capacities.” So, intelligence cannot be viewed as a single entity.
- Gardner initially proposed eight types of intelligence which later on he increased to nine.
- Thus Gardner views each individual as a unique combination of various intelligence.
Thus from above-mentioned points, it is clear that Intelligence is a multi-dimensional concept.
| Linguistic Intelligence |
- refers to the ability to use language
- They can use the language fluently and flexibly and creatively
- William Wordsworth, William Shakespeare, Gulzar
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| Logical-mathematical Intelligence |
- ability to use logical reasoning and mathematical ability
- Scientists, engineers, physicist, economists
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| Musical Intelligence |
- ability to use rhythms, sounds and patterns to create, compose and perform music
- , instrumentalists and music singers, music composer sans
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| Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence |
- ability to use and control one’s body movements and actions
- athletes, actors, sportspersons, acrobat
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| Spatial Intelligence |
- capacity to perceive, understand and use spatial and visual information effectively
- painters, interior designers, surgeons, pilots, drivers
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| Interpersonal Intelligence |
- ability to understand others and social interactions
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social workers, managers, psychologists, nurses, counsellors, politicians, leaders, teachers
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| Intrapersonal Intelligence |
- ability to understand oneself and know one’s thoughts, emotions, feelings, motives and desires
- includes awareness about one’s strengths, limitations, goals and ambitions
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Swami Vivekananda, Ramakrishna Paramahansa and Sri Aurobindo
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| Naturalistic Intelligence |
- ability to recognize and understand the various patterns in nature
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Hunters, farmers, bird watchers, botanists, biologists, tourists and gardener
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Existential Intelligence
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- capacity to tackle deep questions beyond sensory data and about human existence such as the meaning of one’s life
- Cosmologists and philosophers
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