Question

Anisha and Amit study in Class VII. Anisha told Amit that if the marks in Mathematics of each student in the class are increased by 5, the average would go up to 5. She further says that it is true for all numbers. Amit does not agree and Anisha proves it by taking the case n, instead of 5. Anisha is using
1. estimation
2. inductive logic
3. deductive logic
4. common sense

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 3 : deductive logic

Mathematics is the study of numbers, shape, quantity, and patterns. The nature of mathematics is logical and it relies on logic and connects learning with learners' day-to-day life.

• Teaching methods of mathematics include problem-solving, lecture, inductive, deductive, analytic, synthetic, heuristic and discovery method. Teacher adopts any method according to the needs and interests of students.

Anisha is using deductive logic.

Deductive Method: The deductive method is based on deduction. At first, the rules are given and then students are asked to apply these rules to solve more problems.

• It begins with general premises and through logical argument, comes to a specific conclusion.
• For example, while teaching mathematics, the teacher introduces a theory and explains the rules of the theory and the formula, and the students are asked to solve problems using the given formula.

• Deductive approach proceeds from-

  • General to specific
  • Unknown to know
  • Complex to simple
  • Formula to example

In the above example Anisha proves it by taking the case n i.e, she uses the method from unknown to known.

Thus it is clear that Anisha is using deductive logic.

Inductive Method: Inductive approach is based on the process of induction. It is a method of constructing a formula with the help of a sufficient number of concrete examples. 

• Induction means to provide a universal truth by showing, that if it is true for a particular case.
• Inductive approach proceeds from-
  • Particular to general
  • Known to unknown
  • Simple to complex
  • Formula to example