Bonsai is a Japanese art form using miniature trees grown in containers. A bonsai is created beginning with a specimen of source material. The source specimen is shaped to be relatively small. Then it is planted in a display pot.
The practice of bonsai development incorporates a number of techniques, they are:
a) leaf trimming
b) punning the trunk, branches and roots
c) wining branches and trunks
d) clamping
e) grafting new growing material and
f) defoliation.