(i) Knock Knees: When a person stands erect with his feet close together, then there should be a gap between the knees. If there is no gap, the knees touch or overlap. This deformity is called knock knees. This is caused due to the weakness of muscles and ligaments of the knee region,
(ii) Flat Foot: This refers to loss of arch in the foot which results in flattening of the arch. It is mainly caused by being overweight and prolonged standing. This does not interfere with normal functions of the foot.
(iii) Round Shoulders: If ears and shoulders are not in line, then an individual is likely to have round shoulders. The body leans forward, which creates round shoulders and shoulders look like round in shape. Sometimes, it is because of weakness in muscle or shortening of pectoral (Chest) muscles.
Lordosis: Lordosis or hollow back is a common defect. This state may occur as a compensatory adjustment to the deviations in the spine above the lumber region. The long spinal muscles of the lower part of spine become shorter and the abdominal muscles become longer and thrust forward.
Kyphosis: It is an abnormal increase in flexion of the spine, i.e. outer curvature of spine with round shoulders, head dropping forward, resulting in a hump towards the back. It is mainly caused due to wrong habit of standing
