The function of an ecosystem is related to the cycling of materials (matter) and flow of energy.
Types of functions:
Functions of an ecosystem are of three types:
1. Primary Function: The producers (plants) can make their food themselves through photosynthesis. This process is called primary function of eco system. Examples: All green plants and trees.
2. Secondary Function: The consumers (animals and humans) cannot make their own food. They are always depending upon the producers for their energy. This is called secondary function of eco system.
3. Tertiary Function: Decomposers attack the dead bodies of consumers and producers and decompose them into simpler compounds. During the decomposition inorganic nutrients are released. Examples: Micro organisms like bacteria and fungi, etc
The functioning of an ecosystem may be understood by studying the following terms:
A. Food chains
B. Food webs
C. Food pyramids (or) Energy pyramids
D. Energy and material flow.
