Question

Utility of Buffer solutions in analytical chemistry.

Answer 1

Buffers are used

• To determine the pH with the help of indicators.
• For the removal of phosphate ion in the qualitative inorganic analysis after second group using CH₃COOH + CH₃COONa buffer.
• For the precipitation of lead chromate quantitatively in gravimetric analysis, the buffer, CH₃COOH + CH₃COONa is used.
• For precipitation of hydroxides of third group of qualitative analysis, a buffer, NH₄Cl + NH₄OH, is used.
• A buffer solution of NH₄Cl, NH₄OH and (NH₄)₂ CO₃ is used for precipitation of carbonates of fifth group in qualitative inorganic analysis.

Buffers are used in industrial processes such as manufacture of paper, dyes, inks. paints, drugs, etc. Buffers are also employed in agriculture, dairy products and preservation of various types of foods and fruits.