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If a sin θ + 6 cos θ = c, then prove that a cos θ – b sin θ = √a2 + b2 − c2.

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We have, a sin θ + b cos θ = c

⇒ (a sin θ + b cos θ)2 = c2

⇒ a2 sin2 θ + b2 cos2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ = c2

⇒ a2(1 – cos2 θ) + b2(1 – sin2 θ) + 2ab sin θ cos θ = c2

⇒ a2 – a2 cos2 θ + b2 – b2 sin2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ = c2

⇒ – a2 cos2 θ – b2 sin2 θ + 2ab sin θ cos θ= – a2 – b2 + c2

⇒ a2 cos2 θ + b2 sin2 θ – 2ab sin θ cos θ = a2 + b2 – c2

⇒ (a cos θ – b sin θ)2 = a2 + b2 – c2

⇒ a cos θ – b sin θ = \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2−c^2}\)

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