The term “land resources” encompasses the physical, biotic, environmental, infrastructural and socio-economic components of a natural land unit, including surface and near-surface freshwater resources important for management.
India has a diverse range of soils, which are classified into 8 major types, namely, alluvial, black, red, laterite, forest, desert, saline, and peat soils. Alluvial soils, which are found in river basins, are the most fertile and cover about 40% of the total land area.
