Question

Gabriel's phthalimide synthesis is used for the preparation of 

(a) Primary aromatic amines 

(b) Secondary amines 

(c) Primary aliphatic amines 

(d) Tertiary amines

Answer 1

(c) Primary aliphatic amines 

Gabriel phthalimide reaction is used to prepare primary amines from phthalimide the reaction steps are shown as below;

Step 1: Potassium Phthalimide when treated with a primary alkyl halide gives N-alkylphthalimide.

Step 2:  N-alkylphthalimide with aqueous sodium hydroxide gives primary amine and sodium phthalate.