You can use SciPy's scipy.spatial module to calculate spatial autocorrelation measures such as Moran's I or Geary's C. Here's an example using Moran's I:
from scipy.spatial import distance
from scipy.stats import moran
# Calculate spatial weights matrix
W = ... # Define your spatial weights matrix
# Calculate Moran's I
y = ... # Your variable of interest
moran_i, _ = moran(y, W)