(a) Moderating influence of the sea: In coastal areas, land is in contact with the sea. Hence, the heat absorbed by the land in the day is transferred to the sea. Vice-versa, the heat absorbed by the sea is transferred back to the land in the night. As a result, places in coastal areas do not become very hot in the day or very cold in the night. This phenomenon is called moderating influence of the sea.
(b) Equable climate: If the annual range of temperature is very less (<5° C), a place is said to have equable climate mostly found in the coastal areas.
(c) Extreme climate: If the annual range of temperature is quite high (>20° C), a place is said to have extreme climate normally found in interior areas. Also known as continental climate.
