Question

NCERT Solutions Class 10, Social Science, Geography, Chapter 1, Resources and Development.

To learn the fundamentals of this chapter, as well as to prepare for CBSE exams and competitive exams refer to these NCERT Solutions. These solutions have been created by subject matter experts to provide an in-depth analysis of all the concepts covered in this chapter. This study material is based on the most recent CBSE syllabus.

In these NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, we have discussed all types of NCERT intext questions, exercise questions as well as multiple choice type questions.

Concepts covered in Class 10 Social Science - Geography chapter 1 Resources and Development are :

• Resources and Development are Changing Land-use Pattern
• Land Degradation and Conservation Measures
• Types - Natural and Human
• Need for Resource Planning
• Concept of Land as a Resource
• Types of Soil, Natural Resources
• Soil Erosion
• Soil Conservation
• Changing Land-use Pattern
• Land Degradation and Conservation Measures
• Types - Natural and Human
• Need for Resource Planning
• Concept of Land as a Resource
• Types of Soil
• Natural Resources
• Soil Erosion
• Soil Conservation.

Our NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science provide detailed explanations to assist students with their homework and assignments. Proper command and ample practice of topic-related questions provided by our NCERT solutions is the most effective way to achieve full marks in your exams. Begin studying right away to ace your exams.

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Answer 1

NCERT Solutions Class 10, Social Science, Geography, Chapter 1, Resources and Development.

1 . Multiple choice questions.

(i) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation 
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over irrigation
(d) Overgrazing

The correct option is : (c) Over irrigation

(ii) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised?
(a) Punjab
(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand

The correct option is : (d) Uttarakhand

(iii) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
(a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand

The correct option is : (b) Maharashtra

(iv) Which one of the following type of resource is iron ore?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable

The correct option is : (d) Non-renewable

(v) Under which of the following type of resource can tidal energy be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-recyclable

The correct option is : (a) Replenishable

2 . Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

Solution: 

Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh Black soil is ideal for growing cotton.

(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

Solution:

Alluvial soil
Alluvial soils are very fertile. They are ideal for growing sugarcane, wheat and paddy. As it has more kankar nodules, old alluvial is less fertile than new alluvial.

(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?

Solution:

In hilly areas, soil erosion can be controlled by ploughing across contour-lines, making use of terrace farming techniques and using strips of grasses to check soil erosion by wind and water.

(iv) What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.

Solution:

The resources which are obtained from the biosphere and have life are called Biotic Resources. For example, animals and plants including human beings.
Abiotic Resources: The resources which are composed of non-living things are called Abiotic Resources. For example, water, minerals, metals, wind, solar energy etc.

3. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.

(i) Explain land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61?

Solution:

Land resources in India are primarily divided into agricultural land, forest land, land meant for pasture and grazing, and wasteland. Waste land includes rocky, arid, desert areas and land used for other non-agricultural purposes such as housing, roads, and industry. According to recent data, about 54% of the total land area is cultivable or fallow, 22.5% is covered by forests, and 3.45% is used for grazing. The rest is a wasteland, with traces of miscellaneous cultivation.

The improper use of forest land has degraded the available land area and has made the conservation of forests difficult. Human activities such as deforestation, mining and quarrying have contributed to the slow growth rate of forests. Thus, land under forest has increased by only about 4% since 1960-61.

(ii) How have technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?

Solution:

Technical and economic development has led to more consumption of resources on account of various factors. In colonial times, imperial powers would use their technological and economic superiority to establish control over other countries and thereby gain access to the latter’s resources. Now, one country’s resources became accessible to the citizens of its colonial ruler too, leading to increased consumption. Also, because of technical and economic progress, populations are increasing due to low mortality at all ages. With the development of medicine and health care, fewer people die due to accidents, diseases, childbirth etc. This, too, has contributed to higher consumption of resources.

Answer 2

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for utilisation is known as
(a) Potential resources
(b) Stock
(c) Developed resources
(d) Reserves

The correct option is : (c) Developed resources

2. Which one of the following soil is ideal for growing cotton?
(a) Regur soil
(b) Laterite soil
(c) Desert soil
(d) Mountainous soil

The correct option is : (a) Regur soil

3. In which of the following states is overgrazing responsible for land degradation?
(a) Jharkhand and Orissa
(b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan
(c) Punjab and Haryana
(d) Kerala and Tamil Nadu

The correct option is : (b) Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan

4. Which one of the following statements is true about the term resources?
(a) Resources are free gifts of nature.
(b) They are the functions of human activities.
(c) All those things which are found in nature.
(d) Things which cannot be used to fulfill our needs.

The correct option is : (b) They are the functions of human activities.

5. Which one of the following types of the resource is iron ore?
(a) Renewable
(b) Biotic
(c) Flow
(d) Non-renewable

The correct option is : (d) Non-renewable

6. Under which of the following types of resource the tidal energy can be put?
(a) Replenishable
(b) Human-made
(c) Abiotic
(d) Non-recyclable

The correct option is : (a) Replenishable

7. Soil formed by intense leaching is
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Red soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Desert

The correct option is : (c) Laterite soil

8. Fallow land refers to
(a) land not under cultivation.
(b) land with many gullies.
(c) a fertile land.
(d) cultivable land not cultivated for a season to regain its fertility.

The correct option is : (d) cultivable land not cultivated for a season to regain its fertility.

9. Method of growing long strips of grass between the crops refers to
(a) Contour ploughing
(b) Terrace farming
(c) Strip cropping
(d) Crop rotation

The correct option is : (c) Strip cropping

10. Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised.
(a) Renewable
(b) Developed
(c) National
(d) Potential

The correct option is : (d) Potential

11. Which of the following factors involves the transformation of things into a resource ?
(i) Physical environment
(ii) Technology
(iii) Human beings
(iv) Institutions
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) All of above

The correct option is : (d) All of above

12. Renewable resources are those
(a) which cannot be renewed
(b) which are accessible
(c) which are developed
(d) which are renewed by physical, chemical or mechanical processes.

The correct option is : (d) which are renewed by physical, chemical or mechanical processes.

13. Which one of the following is not a community resource ?
(a) Public parks
(b) A library
(c) A car
(d) A community hall

The correct option is : (c) A car

14. Territorial waters of India extends to
(a) 10 Nautical miles
(b) 15 Nautical miles
(c) 12 Nautical miles
(d) 1900 kilometres

The correct option is : (c) 12 Nautical miles

15. Find out which one of the following is a stock?
(a) Biofuels
(b) Coal
(c) Solar energy
(d) Hydro-electricity

The correct option is : (a) Biofuels

16. The first International Earth Summit was held in
(a) Geneva
(b) New York
(c) Japan
(d) Rio de Janeiro

The correct option is : (d) Rio de Janeiro 

17. “There is enough for everybody’s need but not for anybody’s greed”. Who said this ?
(a) Jawahar Lai Nehru
(b) Atal Bihari Vajpai
(c) M. K. Gandhi
(d) Sunder Lai Bhauguna

The correct option is : (c) M. K. Gandhi

18. The area brought under cultivation in a year is called …………….
(a) Fallow land
(b) Cultivable
(c) Net sown area
(d) Gross sown area

The correct option is : (c) Net sown area

19. I am the most widespread soil, covering the Northern Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains-who am I ?
(a) Black soil
(b) Forest soil
(c) Red soil
(d) Alluvial soil

The correct option is : (d) Alluvial soil 

20. Resources which are non-renewable but can be recycled are called
(a) Renewable resources
(b) Non-renewable resources
(c) Recyclable resources
(d) Biotic resources

The correct option is : (c) Recyclable resources

21. The most widespread relief feature of India is
(a) Mountains
(b) Forests
(c) Plains
(d) Plateaus

The correct option is : (c) Plains

22. The current net sown area of India in 2002-03 is
(a) 45 percent
(b) 43.4 percent
(c) 50 percent
(d) 48 percent

The correct option is : (b) 43.4 percent

23. The state having maximum net sown area in India is ……………
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Punjab

The correct option is : (d) Punjab

24. Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year is called
(a) Culturable waste land
(b) Current fallow land
(c) Waste land
(d) None of the above

The correct option is : (b) Current fallow land

25. The present per cent of area under forests is 
(a) 18 percent
(b) 22.57 percent
(c) 19 percent
(d) 11 percent

The correct option is : (b) 22.57 percent

Answer 3

26. The factor responsible for maximum land degradation is ………………
(a) Human activities
(b) Wind
(c) Salinity
(d) Soil erosion

The correct option is : (a) Human activities

27. Which agent is responsible for maximum land degradation ?
(a) Wind
(b) Water
(c) Glaciers
(d) Overgrazing

The correct option is : (b) Water

28. Soil is formed by the process of
(a) Denudation
(b) Gradation
(c) Weathering
(d) Erosion

The correct option is : (c) Weathering

29. Supply a technical term for the dead and decomposed material found on the top soil.
(a) Bed rock
(b) Fossils
(c) Humidity
(d) Humus

The correct option is : (d) Humus

30. The old alluvial soil is known as ………………
(a) Bangar
(b) Bhabbar
(c) Khadar
(d) Regur

The correct option is : (a) Bangar

31. Which of the following statement(s) is true for black soil ?
(i) It has larger proportion of clay.
(ii) It can retain moisture for a long time.
(iii) It develops cracks during summer which helps in aeration.
(iv) Cotton grows best in this soil.
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv)
(d) All of the above

The correct option is : (d) All of the above

32. Red colour of soil is due to
(a) it is rich in humus.
(b) it is rich in iron compounds.
(c) it is derived from volcanic origin.
(d) it is rich in potash.

The correct option is : (b) it is rich in iron compounds.

33. The denudation of the soil cover and washing down of soil by various agents are known as ………………
(a) Weathering
(b) Gradation
(c) Soil erosion
(d) Soil conservation

The correct option is : (c) Soil erosion

34. The land consisting of many gullies and ravines are called ……………….
(a) Gully erosion
(b) Bed rock
(c) V shaped valleys
(d) Bad land

The correct option is : (d) Bad land

35. Terrace cultivation can be used to control soil erosion in
(a) Desert regions
(b) Hill slopes
(c) Valleys
(d) Plains

The correct option is : (b) Hill slopes

36.Strip cropping refers to
(a) growing of crops in long strips.
(b) growing of trees in long rows.
(c) growing of strips of grass in between the crops.
(d) ploughing along the contour lines.

The correct option is : (c) growing of strips of grass in between the crops.

37. Erosion of the top soil when water flows as a sheet over large areas down the slope is called
(a) Gully erosion
(b) Badlands
(c) Soil erosion
(d) Sheet erosion

The correct option is : (d) Sheet erosion

38. Which one of the following statements is correct as regards to international resources ?
(a) Resources which are regulated by international institutions.
(b) Resources which lie beyond the territorial waters.
(c) Resources which are found along the international frontier.
(d) Resources which are not yet developed.

The correct option is : (a) Resources which are regulated by international institutions.

39. Which one of the following methods is ideal for controlling land degradation in coastal areas and in deserts ?
(a) Strip cropping
(b) Contour ploughing
(c) Planting of shelter belts
(d) Plugging of gullies

The correct option is : (c) Planting of shelter belts

40. Which type of soil is suitable for the growth of cashew nut ?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Red soil
(d) Red laterite soil

The correct option is : (d) Red laterite soil

41. Arid soils are less fertile as
(i) it lacks humus and moisture
(ii) it has high salt content
(iii) it is sandy in nature
(iv) it is rich in Iron
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iii)

The correct option is : (a) (i) and (ii)

42. Ploughing along the contour lines can
(a) accelerate the flow of water.
(b) decelerate the flow of water.
(c) accelerate the force of winds.
(d) decelerate the force of winds.

The correct option is : (b) decelerate the flow of water.

43. Bad lands or ravines are found in
(a) Chenab basin
(b) Chambal basin
(c) Ganga basin
(d) Godavari basin

The correct option is : (b) Chambal basin