Question

NCERT Solutions Class 11, Computer Science, Chapter- 3, Emerging Trends

To gain a strong grasp of the fundamental concepts covered in this chapter and to prepare effectively for CBSE exams and competitive tests, consult the NCERT Solutions provided. Created by experts in the field, these solutions offer a detailed examination of each concept and align with the current CBSE syllabus, ensuring comprehensive preparation.

In these NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Computer Science, we have discussed all types of NCERT intext questions and exercise questions.

Concepts covered in Class 11 Computer Science chapter- 3 Emerging Trends, are :

• Artificial Intelligence (AI)
• Big Data
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• Cloud Computing
• Grid Computing
• Blockchains

Our NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Computer Science provide detailed explanations to assist students with their homework and assignments. Proper command and ample practice of topic-related questions provided by our NCERT solutions is the most effective way to achieve full marks in your exams. Begin studying right away to ace your exams.

Now, all the solutions and practice questions are readily accessible to help you get started.

Answer 1

NCERT Solutions Class 11, Computer Science, Chapter- 3, Emerging Trends

1. List some of the cloud-based services that you are using at present.

Solution:

• Google Drive
• Play Store
• YouTube
• social media like Facebook, Instagram, Whats App, etc.

2. What do you understand by the Internet of Things? List some of its potential applications.

Solution:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a phenomenon that connects things (smart devices) to the internet over wired or wireless connections.

Some of its potential applications:

• Home appliances: fridges, cookers, coffee makers, heaters, HVAC, TVs, DVD players, lights, doors, windows, etc.
• Wearables: Clothes, shoes, hats, watches, heart monitors, etc.
• Vehicles: Cars, buses, bicycles, trains, etc.
• Factories: Machines, robots, warehouse shelves, parts within machines, tools, etc.
• Agriculture: Bio-chip transponders on farm animals and plants, farm humidity and temperature sensors, etc.
• Food: Sensors for monitoring the condition of food.

3. Write short notes on the following:

a) Cloud Computing

b) Big data and its Characteristics

Solution:

(a) Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand, like the electricity grid) A basic definition of cloud computing is the use of the Internet for the tasks you perform on your computer for storage, retrieval, and access. The "cloud" represents the Internet. Cloud computing is a new name for an old concept: the delivery of computing services from a remote location. Cloud computing services are delivered through a network, usually the Internet.

(b) Big data:

The generation of data sets of enormous volume and complexity is called Big Data.

Characteristics of Big Data:

• Volume: The most prominent characteristic of big data is its enormous size. If a particular data set is of such a large size that it is difficult to process it with traditional DBMS tools, it can be termed big data.

• Velocity: It represents the rate at which the data under consideration is being generated and stored. Big data has an exponentially higher rate of generation than traditional data sets.

• Variety: It asserts that a data set has varied data, such as structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data. Some examples are text, images, videos, web pages, and so on.

• Veracity: Big data can be sometimes inconsistent, biased, and noisy or there can be an abnormality in the data or issues with the data collection methods. Veracity refers to the trustworthiness of the data because processing such incorrect data can give wrong results or mislead the interpretations.

• Value: Big data is not only just a big pile of data but also possesses to have hidden patterns and useful knowledge which can be of high business value.

4. Explain the following along with their applications.

a) Artificial Intelligence

b) Machine Learning

Solution:

(a) Artificial Intelligence endeavours to simulate the natural intelligence of human beings into machines, thus making them behave intelligently. An intelligent machine is supposed to imitate some of the cognitive functions of humans like learning, decision-making, and problem-solving. AI systems can also learn from past experiences or outcomes to make new decisions.

Applications of Artificial Intelligence:

• Artificial Intelligence in Navigation like Google Maps.
• Artificial Intelligence powered Assistants like: Google Assistant, Siri
• Artificial Intelligence in Robotics
• Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
• Artificial Intelligence in Gaming
• Artificial Intelligence in Social Media

(b) Machine Learning:

Machine Learning is a subsystem of Artificial Intelligence, wherein computers have the ability to learn from data using statistical techniques, without being explicitly programmed by a human being.

Applications of Machine Learning:

Image Recognition
Speech Recognition
Traffic prediction
Product recommendation
Self-driving cars
Email Spam and Malware Filtering.

5. Differentiate between cloud computing and grid computing with suitable examples.

Solution:

Cloud Computing:

• Cloud Computing follows client-server computing architecture.
• Cloud Computing is more flexible.
• Cloud operates as a centralized management system.
• In cloud computing, cloud servers are owned by infrastructure providers.
• Cloud computing uses services like - Iaas, PaaS, and SaaS.

Grid Computing:

• Grid computing follows a distributed computing architecture.
• Grid Computing is less flexible.
• Grid operates as a decentralized management system.
• In Grid computing, grids are owned and managed by the organization.
• Grid computing uses systems like distributed computing, distributed information, and distributed pervasive.
• Cloud Computing is Service-oriented.
• Grid Computing is Application-oriented.

6. Justify the following statement: “Storage of data is cost-effective and time saving in cloud computing.”

Solution:

Now, days a single person produced more data like videos, photos, and many more. These data need storage devices but these devices are more costly than cloud computing. And also need extra care of devices. So far cloud computing is cost-effective.

If a person put these data in a storage device then there is a need to handle this data and also need care for a device which takes a lot of time. So if people use cloud computing then they need only the internet to upload data to the cloud. So we can say that cloud computing is saving time for the person.

7. What is on-demand service? How it is provided in cloud computing?

Solution:

On-demand computing is a business computing model in which computing resources are made available to the user on an “as-needed” basis. Rather than all at once, on-demand computing allows cloud hosting companies to provide their clients with access to computing resources as they become necessary.

Answer 2

8. Write examples of the following:

a) Government provided cloud computing platform

Solution:

‘GI Cloud’ has been named ‘MeghRaj’ (https://cloud.gov.in).

b) Large scale private cloud service providers and the services they provide

Solution:

Google Drive, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, media fire, etc.

9. A company interested in cloud computing is looking for a provider who offers a set of basic services, such as virtual server provisioning and on demand storage that can be combined into a platform for deploying and running customised applications. What type of cloud computing model fits these requirements?

a) Platform as a Service

b) Software as a Service

c) Application as a Service

d) Infrastructure as a Service

Solution: d) Infrastructure as a Service

10. If the government plans to make a smart school by applying IoT concepts, how can each of the following be implemented in order to transform a school into IoT-enabled smart school?

a) e-textbooks

b) Smart boards

c) Online Tests

d) Wifi sensors on classrooms doors

e) Sensors in buses to monitor their location

f) Wearables (watches or smart belts) for attendance monitoring.

Solution:

(a) e-textbooks can be provided through e-library or web services.

(b) Smart boards can be used by computer or mobile.

(c) Students can give these tests from home.

(d) Wi-Fi sensors and classroom doors can be used to lock and unlock them. These sensors also provide security to students and other stakeholders.

(e) These sensors enable quick reporting and monitoring to the coordinates and parents to know the status of the child and bus after leaving the school.

(f) These devices can be used or implemented for students in such a way that identifies a student and marks the attendance accordingly.

11. Five friends plan to try a startup. However, they have a limited budget and limited computer infrastructure. How can they avail the benefits of cloud services to launch their startup?

Solution:

They can go for registration with any suitable service provider either government or private. They can register for Infrastructure as a service to avail of the facility of cloud storage and deploy applications initially.

12. Governments provide various scholarships to students of different classes. Prepare a report on how blockchain technology can be used to promote accountability, transparency and efficiency in distribution of scholarships?

Solution:

As you are aware in blockchain technology, a separate ledger is created for individuals and stored so that transparency and efficiency automatically improve. The students can avail of the scholarship in their ledger only. The transactions are also more authentic.

13. How are IoT and WoT related?

Solution:

The Internet of Things allows us to interact with different devices through the Internet with the help of smartphones or computers, But to interact with ‘n’ a number of different devices, we need to install ‘n’ different apps. Web of Things (WoT) allows the use of web services to connect anything in the physical world, besides human identities on the web. IoT along with WoT helps to create smart homes, smart offices, smart cities, and so on.

14. Match the columns:

Column A	Column B
1. You got a reminder to take medication	A. Smart Parking
2. You got an SMS alert that you forgot to lock the door	B. Smart Wearable
3. You got an SMS alert that parking space is available near your block	C. Home Automation
4. You turned off your LED TV from your wrist watch	D. Smart Health

Solution:

Column A	Column B
1. You got a reminder to take medication	D. Smart Health
2. You got an SMS alert that you forgot to lock the door	C. Home Automation
3. You got an SMS alert that parking space is available near your block	A. Smart Parking
4. You turned off your LED TV from your wrist watch	B. Smart Wearable