Polar Climates (E) exist poleward beyond 70° latitude. There are no permanent human settlements. Only some scientists live there temporarily for their research and tasks related to manmade satellites.
Polar climates consist of two types:
1) Tundra Climate (ET): The tundra climate (ET) is so called after the types of vegetation, like low growing mosses, lichens and flowering plants. This is the region of permafrost where the sub soil is permanently frozen. The short growing season and water logging support only low growing plants. During summer, the tundra regions have very long duration of day light.
2) Ice Cap Climate (EF): The ice cap climate (EF) occurs over interior Greenland and Antarctica. Even in summer, the temperature is below freezing point. This area receives very little precipitation. The snow and ice get accumulated and the mounting pressure causes the deformation of the ice sheets and they break. They move as icebergs that float in the Arctic and Antarctic waters. Plateau Station, Antarctica, 79°S, portray this climate.
