(a) Which hormone is responsible for the peak observed in Case 1 and Case 2? Write one function of that hormone.

Question

Study the graphs given below for Case 1 and Case 2 showing different levels of certain hormones and answer the questions that follows: 

(a) Which hormone is responsible for the peak observed in Case 1 and Case 2? Write one function of that hormone.

(b) Write changes that take place in the ovary and uterus during follicular phase.

(c) Name the hormone Q of Case 2. Write one function of hormone Q.

(d) Which structure in the ovary will remain functional in Case 2? How is it formed?

Answer 1

(a) LH is the hormone which is responsible for the peak observed in both case 1 and case 2.

Function of LH: LH hormone plays a crucial role in triggering ovulation, maintaining corpus luteum during luteal phase and regulating menstrual cycle (any one).

(b) During Follicular Phase

(i) Ovary: The primary follicles in the ovary grow to become a fully mature Graafian follicle.

(ii) Uterus: The endometrium of uterus regenerates through proliferation hence called proliferative phase. This phase is preceded by menstruation phase in which menstrual flow results due to breakdown of endometrial lining of the uterus and its blood vessels which form liquid that comes out through vagina only when released ovum is not fertilised,

(c) Hormone Q of case 2 is progesterone.

Function of progesterone: This hormone plays a vital role in maintaining pregnancy by supporting endometrium and also preparing the uterus for pregnancy.

(d) Corpus luteum formed after ovulation, remains functional in ovary in case of pregnancy (case 2). This structure is formed by ruptured Graafian follicle. It secretes large amount of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of the endometrium.