Fredrick Winslow Taylor : F. W. Taylor was an American Mechanical Engineer who wanted to improve industrial efficiency by adopting scientific methods of production . Taylor formulated the Theory of Scientific Management . He proposed that a logical and rational approach should be applied to every element of a job , so as to device one best method for each activity . Taylor was also known as the “Father of Scientific Management” because of his valuable contribution in the field of management . Scientific Management means , knowing exactly what you want a person to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way .
Taylor has propounded various principles and techniques which provided the basis for scientific management in practice . It is important to mention that , the Bethlehem Steel Company where Taylor himself worked , was able to bring about a three fold increase in productivity by application of Scientific Management Principles .
Contributions by Taylor :
- Taylor pioneered a new and efficient system in order to increase production .
- His contributions are well acknowledged in reshaping and making the factory system of production .
- He is known for coinage of the term “Scientific Management” in his article “The Principles of Scientific Management” which was published in the year 1911 .
- He wrote a popular book named , “Shop Floor” after being fired from Bethlehem Steel Company
Henri Fayol : Henri Fayol was a French Management Theorist , whose theories relating to scientific organization of labour were far and wide prominent in the beginning of 12th century. He started working at the mining company , “Compagnie de Commentary .. He eventually served as its Managing Director from the year 1888 to 1918 .
Contributions by Fayol :
- Henri Fayol is also known as the “Father of General Management” .
- Fayol’s administrative theory focuses on managerial efficiency by controlling the production costs .
- He was the first person to identify four functions of Management – Planning , Organizing , Directing and Controlling .
- He emphasized on specific activities that the Managers should carry out namely – Plan , Organize , Command , Co-ordinate and Control .
- He suggested that all the activities of an industrial enterprise should be possibly divided into various sections , namely – Technical , Commercial , Financial , Security , Accounting and Managerial .
- The principles suggested by him were evolved on the basis of his personal experiences .
