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Nitrogen and chlorine have the same electronegativity but only former forms hydrogen bonds. Explain.

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Both these elements have the same elecro negativity (3.0). But the size of nitrogen. atom (atomic radius = 75pm) is smaller than that of chlorine (atomic radius = 99pm). As a result, nitrogen atom can cause greater polarization of N – H bond than the Cl atom in Cl - H bond. Thus hydrogen bonding is present in H - H bonds (e.g., NH3) but not in a – H bonds (eg. HCl)

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