Ecological imbalance refers to a situation where the changes in the environment exceed the capacity of the ecosystem to with stand the environmental changes.
a. Deforestation: Man clears the forests in Mountain regions to grow food and to build houses for himself. This reckless deforestation in hilly regions is one of the main causes of ecological imbalance.
b. Over grazing: Over grazing is another important cause for ecological imbalance.
c. Extensive use of ground water: man ahs evolved irrigation system to assume a continuous supply of water for agriculture. He has topped not only the surface water, but also the underground water in his greed to get more irrigation facilities; he has made extensive use of ground water. The extensive use of ground water is responsible for ecological imbalance.
d. Destruction of animals: Destruction of numerous species of animals also contributes to ecological imbalances.
e. Air and Water pollution: Air and water pollution caused by industrial effluent, sewage water, garbage etc., especially in urban areas, creates ecological imbalance. Measures for ecological imbalances: For the maintenance of ecological balance, the following measures may be taken:
1. Avoidance of reckless deforestation and overgrazing.
2. Control of soil erosion
3. Proper use of ground water resources
4. Controlled irrigation
5. Preservation of wild life
6. Control of air and water pollution
7. Check on population explosion.
