The human brain controls nearly every aspect of the human body ranging from physiological functions to cognitive abilities. It functions by receiving and sending signals via neurons to different parts of the body. The human brain, just like most other mammals, has the same basic structure, but it is better developed than any other mammalian brain.
Functions of different parts of brain are:
Cerebrum: The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It consists of the cerebral cortex and other subcortical structures. It is composed of two cerebral hemispheres that are joined together by heavy, dense bands of fibre called the corpus callosum.
Medulla oblongata: It controls involuntary actions and regulates reflex responses. It also controls blood pressure, salivation and vomiting.
Cerebellum: The cerebellum is the second largest part of the brain, located in the posterior portion of the medulla and pons. The cerebellum and cerebrum are separated by tentorium cerebelli and transverse fissure.
It controls and coordinates different muscular actions. It is responsible for voluntary actions and maintains equilibrium of the body during walking, drinking, catching, etc.
Forebrain: It is the anterior part of the brain. The forebrain parts include:
- Cerebrum
- Hypothalamus
- Thalamus
Midbrain: It is a small and central part of the brainstem and consists of:
Hindbrain: It is the central region of the brain and is composed of:
